Phytophthora has been rebuilt to fix security-related problems and to restore GIS tools. These tools allow users to visualize the geospatial, temporal, and environmental contexts of Phytophthora discoveries. The next phase is to update species information and add data derived from large-scale surveys. If you have suggestions and requests to make the database better, please contact Seogchan Kang (sxk55@psu.edu).
Genus wide phylogeny for Phytophthora using four mitochondrial loci (cox2, nad9, rps10 and secY; 2,373 nucleotides). Maximum likelihood branch lengths shown. Numbers on nodes represent bootstrap support values for maximum likelihood (top), maximum parsimony (middle) and Bayesian posterior probabilities as percentages (bottom). Nodes receiving significant support (>95%) in all analysis are marked with an asterisk (*). Scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site.(Martin, Blair and Coffey, unpublished).
[ Click the tree to enlarge it. ]
Phytophthora ramorum Werres, De Cock & Man in \'t Veld 2001 (Oomycetes, Pythiales)
Distribution: Europe, North America (Canada, USA: WA, OR, CA). It was recently introduced via nursery shipments from western states to many other states in the USA; strict quarantine restrictions have been implemented to combat its spread.
Substrate: Twigs, branches.
Disease Note: An aggressive forest pathogen, cause of sudden oak death. Originally described as a twig and branch blight of Rhododendron.
Host: At least 26 genera in 17 families, including Rhododendron spp. (Ericaceae) and Quercus spp. (Fagaceae).
Supporting Literature:
Werres, S., and Kaminski, K. 2005. Characterisation of European and North American Phytophthora ramorum isolates due to their morphology and mating behaviour in vitro with heterothallic Phytopthora species. Mycol. Res. 109: 860-871
Werres, S., Marwitz, R., Man in 't Veld, W.A., de Cock, A.W.A.M., Bonants, P.J.M., De Weerdt, M., Themann, K., Ilieva, E. , and Baayen, R.P. 2001. Phytophthora ramorum sp. nov., a new pathogen on Rhododendron and Viburnum. Mycol. Res. 105: 1155-1165
Updated on Jun 27, 2006
Because there are over 100 + host species for P. ramorum at current, there are many different types of disease symptoms associated with the pathogen.
Symptoms on true oaks (Quercus spp.) and tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) include blackened trunk / bole cankers, often with burgandy-colored ooze protruding from the bark (bleeding cankers). Cankers typically occur in the lower 10 ft of the trunk and are restricted to above the soil line. On many oak species, tree mortality often ensues, but usually not as sudden as the disease name suggests. Leaves may cling to branches up to one year after tree death.
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This P. ramorum species page was written by Kelly Ivors (NC State University). Pictures specific to this pathogen were provided by Kelly Ivors, Daniel Huberli and Matteo Garbelotto (taken at UC Berkeley), and Dave Rizzo (UC Davis).
Isolate list