Phytophthora has been rebuilt to fix security-related problems and to restore GIS tools. These tools allow users to visualize the geospatial, temporal, and environmental contexts of Phytophthora discoveries. The next phase is to update species information and add data derived from large-scale surveys. If you have suggestions and requests to make the database better, please contact Seogchan Kang (sxk55@psu.edu).
Genus wide phylogeny for Phytophthora using four mitochondrial loci (cox2, nad9, rps10 and secY; 2,373 nucleotides). Maximum likelihood branch lengths shown. Numbers on nodes represent bootstrap support values for maximum likelihood (top), maximum parsimony (middle) and Bayesian posterior probabilities as percentages (bottom). Nodes receiving significant support (>95%) in all analysis are marked with an asterisk (*). Scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site.(Martin, Blair and Coffey, unpublished).
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Phytophthora quininea Crand. 1947 (Oomycetes, Pythiales)
Distribution: Central America (Guatemala), Caribbean Islands (Puerto Rico), South America (Bolivia, Peru).
Substrate: Roots.
Disease Note: Root and collar rot.
Host: Cinchona spp. (Rubiaceae).
Supporting Literature:
Erwin, D.C., and Ribeiro, O.K. 1996. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, 562 pages.
Kroon, L.P.N.M., Bakker, F.T., van den Bosch, G.B.M., Bonants, P.J.M., and Flier, W.G. 2004. Phylogenetic analysis of Phytophthora species based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNS sequences. Fungal Genet. Biol. 41: 766-782
Updated on Jun 16, 2006
P. quininea is classified in group V (Stamps et al. 1990). See Tables 4.2 and 4.3 in Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide (Erwin and Ribeiro 1996) for tabular keys and Figure 1 for morphology.
1. Sporangia
Sporangia are ovate to obpyriform, widest at the base, nonpapillate, and persistent on the stalk and proliferate through the previously evacuated sporangium; they measure 45.9 to 67.5 µm in length x 25.5 to 37.5 µm in width (average 53.8 x 31.1 µm). Sporangiophores are simple and undifferentiated.
2. Hyphal Swellings
Hyphal swellings are irregular in shape and size.
3. Chlamydospores
Chlamydospores are terminal or intercalary, are produced abundantly on cornmeal and oatmeal agars, and measure 45 to 90 µm in diameter (Crandall 1947).
4. Sex Organs
P. quininea is homothallic. Antheridia are paragynous and irregular in shape and size; oogonia are subspherical to spherical and smooth and measure 67.5 to 82.5 µm in diameter; oospores are markedly aplerotic and range from 48.7 to 63.7 µm in diameter.
5. Growth Temperatures
The minimum temperature for growth is 15oC, the optimum is 25oC, and the maximum is 30oC.
Nomenclature information was provided by the the Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory in USDA-ARS.
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